Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of fuels. Common sources include automobiles, gasoline-powered lawn equipment, wood stoves, fireplaces, grills, and appliances that burn oil or gas. According to the Blue Ridge Poison Control Center, CO kills around 500 people annually, with many more suffering from related injuries. Portable generators, especially when used too close to homes, are the leading cause of CO fatalities.
CO is undetectable by sight or smell, so people may not realize they are being exposed. When inhaled, it enters the lungs and binds to red blood cells, preventing oxygen from reaching vital organs. Early symptoms of CO poisoning include headache, nausea, and drowsiness, which are often mistaken for the flu. As exposure continues, symptoms may worsen, leading to chest pain, dizziness, confusion, and even loss of consciousness. Untreated, CO poisoning can result in severe health issues or death.
Carbon monoxide detectors are critical safety devices that provide an early warning of CO presence, helping to prevent poisoning before symptoms develop.
In addition to CO detectors, here are some other safety measures to consider:
- Generator Placement: Always position portable power generators at least 20 feet away from your home. This distance helps prevent CO from entering your living space.
- Avoid Enclosed Spaces: Never use generators, grills, or any fuel-burning appliances in enclosed areas like attics, porches, basements, or garages, as these spaces can trap CO.
- Vehicle Safety: If you need to warm up your car or motorcycle, always pull it out of the garage first. Even a running engine can produce dangerous levels of CO in an enclosed area.
- Annual Maintenance: Have your furnace and chimneys professionally inspected and cleaned at least once a year. This ensures that any leaks or worn parts are identified and repaired, reducing the risk of CO buildup.
- Appliance Use: Use your oven and stovetop strictly for cooking. Do not use them as a heating source for your home, as this can lead to CO accumulation.
By following these guidelines and staying vigilant, you can significantly reduce the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning in your home. For more information, visit VDH’s Carbon Monoxide FAQ.