Provider Health & Safety Research Library

This page is intended to serve as a comprehensive list of peer-reviewed research, white papers, and government and non-government organization studies surrounding EMS provider health and safety published in the last twenty years. Some links contain the full article, while others contain only the abstracts. For research articles about EMS mental health and resiliency, click here. If you believe there are missing articles that should be added to this list, please contact Karen Owens, Emergency Operations Division Director, at Karen.Owens@vdh.virginia.gov with your request.

Press "Ctrl" and "F" simultaneously on your keyboard to search for specific terms and authors.

2022

• Joint Statement on Lights & Siren Vehicle Operations on Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Responses (February 14, 2022)
• Adverse Health Effects Related to Shift Work Patterns and Work Schedule Tolerance in Emergency Medical Services Personnel: A Scoping Review. 2022. Barth J, et al.
• An Opportunity to Understand Concerns about COVID-19 Vaccination: Perspectives from EMS Professionals. 2022. MacEwan SR, et al.
• Analysis Of Occupational Risks In The Profession Of A Paramedic. 2022. Lošonczi P, et al.
• Assessment of Cardiometabolic Health, Diet and Physical Activity in Helicopter Rescue Paramedics. 2022. Meadley B, et al.
• Can a targeted educational approach improve situational awareness in paramedicine during 911 emergency calls? 2022. Hunter J, et al.
• Cardiometabolic, Dietary and Physical Health in Graduate Paramedics during the First 12-Months of Practice - A Longitudinal Study. 2022. Meadley B, et al.
• Challenges of Emergency Medical Services Response to Arasbaran Twin Earthquakes; a Content Analysis. 2022. Pouraghaei M, et al.
• Civilians Have Higher Adherence and More Improvements in Health With a Mediterranean Diet and Circuit Training Program Compared With Firefighters. 2022. Almeida AA, et al.
• Closing the Gap on COVID-19 Vaccinations in First Responders and Beyond: Increasing Trust. 2022. Gregory ME, et al.
• Coronary Calcium Scanning and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Among Firefighters. 2022. Ashen MD, et al.
• COVID-19 Vaccination Perspectives and Illnesses Among Law Enforcement Officers, Firefighters, and Other First Responders in the US, January to September 2021. 2022. Caban-Martinez AJ, et al.
• Disasters on campus: A cross-sectional survey of college EMS systems' preparedness to respond to mass casualty incidents. 2022. Tovar MA, et al.
• Driving ambulances safely: findings of ten years of Japanese ambulance crash data. 2022. Norii T, et al.
• Driving Speeds in Urgent and Non-Urgent Ambulance Missions during Normal and Reduced Winter Speed Limit Periods-A Descriptive Study. 2022. Pappinen J, et al.
• Eating Habits among US Firefighters and Association with Cardiometabolic Outcomes. 2022. Christodoulou A, et al.
• Effects of Emergency Duties on Cardiovascular Diseases in Firefighters: A 13-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. 2022. Jeung DY, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Prehospital Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US: A Brief Literature Review. 2022. Ventura CAI, et al.
• EMS Disordered Sleep And Work Schedule. 2022. Bardinelli JA, et al.
• EMS Emergency Incident Rehabilitation. 2022. Woodbury B, et al.
• EMS Quality Improvement Programs. 2022. Lincoln EW, et al.
• EMS Resuscitation During Contamination While Wearing PPE. 2022. Sprague RM, et al.
• EMS Weapons Of Mass Destruction And Related Injury. 2022. Reed-Schrader E, et al.
• Exercise and Occupational Stress among Firefighters. 2022. Soteriades ES, et al.
• Factors Influencing Use of Personal Protective Equipment Among Emergency Medical Services Responders During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Chart Review. 2022. McCann-Pineo M, et al.
• Fatigue profile among petrochemical firefighters and its relationship with safety behavior: the moderating and mediating roles of perceived safety climate. 2022. Ghasemi F, et al.
• Feasibility and Perception of a Diet and Exercise Intervention Delivered via Telehealth to Firefighters. 2022. Donahue S, et al.
• Firefighting and melanoma, epidemiological and toxicological associations: a case report. 2022. Brinchmann BC, et al.
• First responder systems can stay operational under pandemic conditions: results of a European survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. 2022. Metelmann C, et al.
• Functional movement screen did not predict musculoskeletal injury among emergency medical services professionals. 2022. Supples MW, et al.
• Influence of the Cumulative Incidence of COVID-19 Cases on the Mental Health of the Spanish Out-of-Hospital Professionals. 2022. Soto-Cámara R, et al.
• Informal management of health and safety risks associated with alarm response by Australian firefighters. 2022. Paterson JL, et al.
• Intra-Tour Variation of Firefighter Sleep Duration and Sleep-Wake Cycle within the 24/48 and 48/96 Shift Schedules. 2022. Billings JM, et al.
• Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the Perception of Professionals of Emergency Medical Systems in Spain after the First Wave. 2022. Castro Delgado R, et al.
• Model Policies to Protect U.S. Fire-Based EMS Responders From Workplace Stress and Violence. 2022. Taylor JA, et al.
• Motivations for Vaccine Hesitancy Among EMS Providers in the United States who Declined the COVID-19 Vaccine. 2022. Shekhar AC, et al.
• Multilevel analysis of sleep quality and anger in emergency medical service workers. 2022. Hruska B, et al.
• Musculoskeletal injury epidemiology in law enforcement and firefighter recruits during physical training: a systematic review. 2022. Murphy MC, et al.
• Near-miss incidents owing to fatigue and irregular lifestyles in ambulance personnel. 2022. Toyokuni Y, et al.
• Novel Negative Pressure Procedural Tent Reduces Aerosolized Particles in a Simulated Prehospital Setting. 2022. Hunt N, et al.
• Occupational blood and body fluid exposure among emergency medical service providers in the eThekwini metropole of South Africa. 2022. Chetty M, et al.
• Occupational injury among paramedics: a systematic review. 2022. Kearney J, et al.
• Paramedic management of back pain: a scoping review. 2022. Vella SP, et al.
• Psychosocial barriers and facilitators for a successful return to work following injury within firefighters. 2022. Noll L, et al.
• Relations between multidimensional attitude toward death and psychological distress in firefighters. 2022. Gambin M, et al.
• Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Firefighters. 2022. Angleman AJ, et al.
• Retrospective Longitudinal Evaluation of Male Firefighter's Body Composition and Cardiovascular Health. 2022. Bond CW, et al.
• Road user perceptions of appropriateness of ambulance lights and sirens use in developing countries. 2022. Alwidyan MT, et al.
• Scoping review of the occurrence and characteristics of firefighter exercise and training injuries. 2022. Carr-Pries NJ, et al.
• Simulation Training and Skill Assessment in EMS. 2022. Green A, et al.
• State emergency medical services guidance and protocol changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A national investigation. 2022. Owusu-Ansah S, et al.
• Structured communication during emergency response driving: Safety-critical points identified by Finnish emergency response driving experts. 2022. Jakonen A, et al.
• The Critical Intervention Screen: A Novel Tool to Determine the Use of Lights and Sirens during the Transport of Trauma Patients. 2022. Urban S, et al.
• The perceived work environment and well-being: A survey of emergency health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. 2022. Blanchard J, et al.
• The prevalence of diseases in German emergency medical services staff: A survey study. 2022. Möckel L, et al.
• The Relationship Between Dietary Intake and Dietary-Focused Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Firefighters. 2022. Burris JC, et al.
• The Role of Israel's Emergency Medical Services During a Pandemic in the Pre-Exposure Period. 2022. Jaffe E, et al.
• Traffic safety knowledge gain of ambulance drivers after simulator-based training. 2022. Prohn MJ, et al.
• Transition to shift work: Sleep patterns, activity levels, and physiological health of early-career paramedics. 2022. Betson JR, et al.
• Trends of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use among US firefighters and law enforcement personnel, 1992-2019. 2022. Phan L, et al.
• Types and risk factors of ambulance accidents: A scoping review. 2022. Chew KS, et al.
• Work schedule and seasonal influences on sleep and fatigue in helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft operations in extreme environments. 2022. Fletcher A, et al.
• Working During Pandemic Disasters: Views and Predictors of EMS Providers. 2022. Alwidyan MT, et al.
• Working hours, sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector: A scoping review of the research. 2022. Allison P, et al.
• Workplace Violence Against Prehospital Paramedic Personnel (City and Road) and Factors Related to This Type of Violence in Iran. 2022. Sheikhbardsiri H, et al.
• Work-related factors, cognitive skills, unsafe behavior and safety incident involvement among emergency medical services crew members: relationships and indirect effects. 2022. Sedlár M, et al.

2021

• A Pilot Study: Emergency Medical Services-Related Violence in the Out-of-Hospital Setting in Southeast Michigan. 2021. Touriel R, et al.
• A retrospective survey study of paramedic students' exposure to SARS-CoV-2, participation in the COVID-19 pandemic response, and health-related quality of life. 2021. Häikiö K, et al.
• A Total Worker Health Approach to Skin Exposure Assessment: Experiences from the Firefighter Cancer Initiative. 2021. Caban-Martinez AJ, et al.
• Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring among emergency medical services night shift workers. 2021. Patterson PD, et al.
• Applying the Social Vulnerability Index as a Leading Indicator to Protect Fire-Based Emergency Medical Service Responders' Health. 2021. Haas EJ, et al.
• Association between the experience of violence and burnout among paramedics. 2021. Braun D, et al.
• Bioburden contamination and Staphylococcus aureus colonization associated with firefighter's ambulances. 2021. Viegas C, et al.
• Cancer Incidence and Mortality among Firefighters: An Overview of Epidemiologic Systematic Reviews. 2021. Laroche E, et al.
• Cancer risks of firefighters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of secular trends and region-specific differences. 2021. Jalilian H, et al.
• Cardiometabolic health among United States firefighters by age. 2021. Moffatt SM, et al.
• Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors by BMI and Age in United States Firefighters. 2021. Bode ED, et al.
• COVID-19 Stress test for ensuring emergency healthcare: strategy and response of emergency medical services in Berlin. 2021. Dahmen J, et al.
• COVID-19 Vaccinations in EMS Professionals: Prevalence and Predictors. 2021. Gregory ME, et al.
• COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability Among US Firefighters and Emergency Medical Services Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2021. Caban-Martinez AJ, et al.
• COVID-19: acceptance and compliance of PPE (personal protective equipment) and rules for hygiene and reducing contacts in German emergency medical services-a nationwide survey. 2021 Nohl A, et al.
• Cross-cultural comparison of firefighters' perception of mobility and occupational injury risks associated with personal protective equipment. 2021. Wang S, et al.
• Daytime sleepiness among Midwestern firefighters. 2021. Shi Y, et al.
• Development and beta test of a smokeless tobacco cessation program for firefighters. 2021. Jitnarin N, et al.
• Dietary Intake Among Members of a Volunteer Fire Department Compared With US Daily Dietary Recommendations. 2021. Kadiwar P, et al.
• Disaster preparedness in emergency medical service agencies: A systematic review. 2021. Beyramijam M, et al.
• Do paramedic students have situational awareness during high-fidelity simulation? A mixed-methods pilot study. 2021. Hunter J, et al.
• Driving the ambulance: an essential component of emergency medical services: an integrative review. 2021. Becker J, et al.
• Emergency Medical Service Utilization and Response Following COVID-19 Emergency and Stay-at-Home Policies: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis. 2021. O'Connor AW, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Personnel Awareness and Training about Personal Protective Equipment during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2021. Cash RE, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Provider Self-Reported Occupational Safety. 2021. Luk JH, et al.
• Emergency Medical Technicians' Experiences of the Challenges of Prehospital Care Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. 2021. Parvaresh-Masoud M, et al.
• Emotional Problems and Sleep Disturbances in Paramedics in rhe Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2021. Marczewski KP, et al.
• EMS Safety and Prehospital Emergency Care of Animals. 2021. Kryda KT, et al.
• Evaluation of metabolic syndrome and sleep quality in shift workers. 2021. Demiralp N, et al.
• Exploring patient safety culture in emergency departments: A Tunisian perspective. 2021. Aouicha W, et al.
• Exploring the Prevalence and Patterns of Use of Sleep Aids and Stimulants Among Emergency Physicians and EMS Providers in Saudi Arabia. 2021. Kentab OY, et al.
• Factors Associated With Emergency Medical Services Providers' Acceptance of the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine. 2021. Rosenblum AJ, et al.
• Firefighters and COVID-19: An Occupational Health Perspective. 2021. Graham EL, et al.
• Functional Movement Quality of Firefighter Recruits: Longitudinal Changes from the Academy to Active-Duty Status. 2021. Cornell DJ, et al.
• Guiding principles for determining work shift duration and addressing the effects of work shift duration on performance, safety, and health: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society. 2021. Gurubhagavatula I, et al.
• Heart rate response to alarm tones in firefighters. 2021. Marciniak RA, et al.
• Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in firefighters: a cross-sectional study in a German fire brigade. 2021. Strauss M, et al.
• Interactions between home, work, and sleep among firefighters. 2021. Watkins SL, et al.
• Job Satisfaction and Performance Orientation of Paramedics in German Emergency Medical Services-A Nationwide Survey. 2021. Eiche C, et al.
• Knowledge of and attitudes toward health and cardiovascular disease risk factors among firefighters in Cape Town, South Africa. 2021. Ras J, et al.
• Low testosterone and cardiometabolic risks in a real-world study of US male firefighters. 2021. Ranadive SM, et al.
• Management of COVID-19-related challenges faced by EMS personnel: a qualitative study. 2021. Mohammadi F, et al.
• Measuring the safety climate in an Australian emergency department. 2021. Connell CJ, et al.
• Medical Coordination Rescue Members' and Ambulance Nurses' Perspectives on a New Model for Mass Casualty and Disaster Management and a Novel Terror Attack Mitigation Approach in the Netherlands: A Qualitative Study. 2021. Berben SAA, et al.
• Napping on the night shift and its impact on blood pressure and heart rate variability among emergency medical services workers: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial. 2021. Patterson PD, et al.
• Paramedic occupational violence mitigation: a comprehensive systematic review of emergency service worker prevention strategies and experiences for use in prehospital care. 2021. Drew P, et al.
• Paramedic students' experiences of stress whilst undertaking ambulance placements - An integrative review. 2021. Warren-James M, et al.
• Perceived Health Risks Among Firefighters; The New Jersey Firefighter Health Survey. 2021. Maloney SR, et al.
• Perceived occupational stressors among emergency medical service providers: a qualitative study. 2021. Afshari A, et al.
• Perceptions of Work-Related Health and Cancer Risks Among Women Firefighters: A Qualitative Study. 2021. Solle NS, et al.
• Prevalence of pain, analgesic self-medication and mental health in German pre-hospital emergency medical service personnel: a nationwide survey pilot-study. 2021. Möckel L, et al.
• Promoting Safety: Behavioural Emergency Response during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2021. Lucchese S, et al.
• Protecting the health and safety of the paramedic workforce in Australia: The role of cohort studies with new recruits. 2021. Reynolds AC, et al.
• Quality of work life of paramedics practicing community paramedicine in northern Ontario, Canada: a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study. 2021. Nowrouzi-Kia B, et al.
• Recovery Sleep versus Emotion Regulation in Predicting Fire Service Shift Workers Stress, Fatigue and Irritability. 2021. Kelly MR, et al.
• Relationship of knowledge about and attitudes towards violence with recognition of violence against women among health staff in pre-hospital emergency medical services. 2021. Gümüşsoy S, et al.
• Rescue Operations Lead to Increased Cardiovascular Stress in HEMS Crew Members: A Prospective Pilot Study of a German HEMS Cohort. 2021. Strauss M, et al.
• Risk for Acquiring Coronavirus Disease Illness among Emergency Medical Service Personnel Exposed to Aerosol-Generating Procedures. 2021. Brown A, et al.
• Safeguarding from COVID-19: educating healthcare workers about the available protective equipment. 2021. Srivastav AK, et al.
• Safety Checklists for Emergency Response Driving and Patient Transport: Experiences from Emergency Medical Services. 2021. Jakonen A, et al.
• Safety implications of fatigue and sleep inertia for emergency services personnel. 2021. Dawson D, et al.
• Severity of Myocardial Ischemia Is Related to Career Length Rather Than Age Among Professional Firefighters. 2021. Dzikowicz DJ, et al.
• Shifted Firefighter Health Investigation by Personal Health Insurance Record in Taiwan. 2021. Hsu WC, et al.
• Simulating Teamwork for Better Decision Making in Pediatric Emergency Medical Services. 2021. Ozkaynak M, et al.
• Simulation-Based Orientation for Emergency Medicine Residents Participating in EMS Ride-Alongs. 2021. Kutzin JM, et al.
• Sleep and Association With Cardiovascular Risk Among Midwestern US Firefighters. 2021. Romero Cabrera JL, et al.
• Sleep disorders and psycho-affective problems in paramedical personnel working an atypical schedule. 2021. Brahim D, et al.
• Sleep disturbance and cognitive functioning among firefighters. 2021. Stout JW, et al.
• Testosterone and occupational burnout in professional male firefighters. 2021. Vinnikov D, et al.
• The Dark Triad Traits of Firefighters and Risk-Taking at Work. The Mediating Role of Altruism, Honesty, and Courage. 2021. Roșca AC, et al.
• The Effects of Fire Academy Training and Probationary Firefighter Status on Select Basic Health and Fitness Measurements. 2021. Lan FY, et al.
• The Frequency and Economic Impact of Musculoskeletal Disorders for California Firefighters: Trends and Outcomes over the Past Decade. 2021. Dworsky M, et al.
• The Possible Factors Correlated with The Higher Risk of Getting Infected by COVID-19 in Emergency Medical Technicians; A Case-Control Study. 2021. Sadeghi M, et al.
• Using Red Lights and Sirens for Emergency Ambulance Response: How Often Are Potentially Life-Saving Interventions Performed? 2021. Jarvis JL, et al.
• Workplace Safety: Both Physical and Emotional. 2021. Lal A, et al.
• Workplace violence against emergency health care workers: What Strategies do Workers use? 2021. Spelten E, et al.
• Workplace violence and influencing factors among paramedic pre hospital paramedic personnel (city and road) in Iran: a quality content analysis. 2021. Hadian M, et al.

2020

• A Biomechanical Evaluation of Potential Ergonomic Solutions for Use by Firefighter and EMS Providers When Lifting Heavy Patients in Their Homes. 2020. Lavender SA, et al.
• A Cross-Sectional Examination of 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among US Firefighters by Age and Weight Status. 2020. Hollerbach BS, et al.
• A Mediterranean Lifestyle Is Associated With Lower Hypertension Prevalence and Better Aerobic Capacity Among New England Firefighter Recruits. 2020. Lan FY, et al.
• Accessing Medical Care After a Needlestick Injury: First Responders' Perception of HIV Risk and Attitudes Toward Syringe Service Programs. 2020. Carter G, et al.
• Applying a Model of Teamwork Processes to Emergency Medical Services. 2020. Fernandez WG, et al.
• Association of PPE Availability, Training, and Practices with COVID-19 Sero-Prevalence in Nurses and Paramedics in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan. 2020. Ahmad J, et al.
• Association of the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) with Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in US Career Firefighters. 2020. Romanidou M, et al.
• Best Practices in Patient Safety and Communication. 2020. Im D, et al.
• Blood pressure and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among firefighters. 2020. Noh J, et al.
• Borderline-low testosterone levels are associated with lower left ventricular wall thickness in firefighters: An exploratory analysis. 2020. Lofrano-Porto A, et al.
• Cancer Perceptions Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: A Qualitative Study of US Firefighters. 2020. Jitnarin N, et al.
• Cancer risk among career male and female Florida firefighters: Evidence from the Florida Firefighter Cancer Registry (1981-2014). 2020. Lee DJ, et al.
• Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment among firefighters: Is the non-exercise estimate accurate? 2020. Segedi LC, et al.
• Cardiorespiratory Fitness Decline in Aging Firefighters. 2020. Gao X, et al.
• Cardiovascular risk as a moderator of associations among anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, PTSD and depression symptoms among trauma-exposed firefighters. 2020. Ranney RM, et al.
• Changes in Firefighter Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors over Five Years. 2020. Mathias KC, et al.
• Cohort Profile: Firefighter Research on the Enhancement of Safety and Health (FRESH), a Prospective Cohort Study on Korean Firefighters. 2020. Kim YT, et al.
• Comparing the Prevalence of Poor Sleep and Stress Metrics in Basic versus Advanced Life Support Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2020. Cash RE, et al.
• Development of a Pulsed Xenon Ultraviolet Disinfection Device for Real-Time Air Disinfection in Ambulances. 2020. Song L, et al.
• Distribution of Number, Location of Pain and Comorbidities, and Determinants of Work Limitations among Firefighters. 2020. Nazari G, et al.
• Effect of Repetitive Simulation Training on Emergency Medical Services Team Performance in Simulated Pediatric Medical Emergencies. 2020. Kothari K, et al.
• Effects of Curcumin on the Oxidative Stress Response to a Dual Stress Challenge in Trained Men. 2020. McAllister MJ, et al.
• Effects of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activities on Insomnia in Korean Firefighters. 2020. Lim M, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Personnel's Pandemic Influenza Training Received and Willingness to Work during a Future Pandemic. 2020. Rebmann T, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Providers' Experiences and Attitudes Toward Infection Prevention and Control Measures in Saudi Arabia: a Qualitative Study. 2020. Khan AA, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services resource capacity and competency amid COVID-19 in the United States: preliminary findings from a national survey. 2020. Ventura C, et al.
• Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among firefighters/paramedics of a US fire department: a cross-sectional study. 2020. Caban-Martinez AJ, et al.
• Evaluating the disaster preparedness of emergency medical service agencies in the world: A systematic literature review protocol. 2020. Beyramijam M, et al.
• Evaluating the effects of a simulator-based training on knowledge, attitudes and driving profiles of German ambulance drivers. 2020. Prohn MJ, et al.
• Evaluation of a novel stair-climbing transportation aid for emergency medical services. 2020. Verjans M, et al.
• Evaluation of Interventions to Reduce Firefighter Exposures. 2020. Burgess JL, et al.
• Evaluation of Medical Surveillance and Incidence of Post-September 11, 2001, Thyroid Cancer in World Trade Center-Exposed Firefighters and Emergency Medical Service Workers. 2020. Colbeth HL, et al.
• Exploration of the health status of experienced New Brunswick paramedics. 2020. Tremblay M, et al.
• Exploring the need for and application of human factors and ergonomics in ambulance design: Overcoming the barriers with technical standards. 2020. Du B, et al.
• Fire Service Organizational-Level Characteristics Are Associated With Adherence to Contamination Control Practices in Florida Fire Departments: Evidence From the Firefighter Cancer Initiative. 2020. Louzado-Feliciano P, et al.
• Firefighter Overexertion: A Continuing Problem Found in an Analysis of Non-Fatal Injury Among Career Firefighters. 2020. B Le A, et al.
• Firefighters Are More Physically Active On-Duty Compared to Off-Duty. 2020. Barry AM, et al.
• Frequency of Occupational Bloodborne Infections and Sharps Injuries among Polish Paramedics from Selected Ambulance Stations. 2020. Ganczak M, et al.
• Functional Movement Screen as a Predictor of Occupational Injury Among Denver Firefighters. 2020. Shore E, et al.
• Functional Movement Screen Composite Scores in Firefighters: Effects of Corrective Exercise Training. 2020. Jafari M, et al.
• Functional Performance of Firefighters After Exposure to Environmental Conditions and Exercise. 2020. Games KE, et al.
• Getting shredded: Development and validation of a measure of muscularity-oriented disordered eating. 2020. Cooper M, et al.
• Impact of Shift Work on Blood Pressure Among Emergency Medical Services Clinicians and Related Shift Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2020. Patterson PD, et al.
• Increasing Comfort with Sensory Processing Difficulties in the Prehospital Setting: Pre-Post Study of Education and Sensory Tools in EMS Providers. 2020. Shah N, et al.
• Information technology in emergency management of COVID-19 outbreak. 2020. Asadzadeh A, et al.
• Knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 among emergency medical service workers. 2020. Vatan A, et al.
• Medical Leave Associated With COVID-19 Among Emergency Medical System Responders and Firefighters in New York City. 2020. Prezant DJ, et al.
• Mindfulness for healthcare providers fosters professional quality of life and mindful attention among emergency medical technicians. 2020. Ducar DM, et al.
• Moderated Mediation Effect of Mindfulness on the Relationship Between Muscular Skeletal Disease, Job Stress, and Turnover Among Korean Firefighters. 2020. Lee JH, et al.
• Mortality among Fire Department of the City of New York Rescue and Recovery Workers Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster, 2001-2017. 2020. Colbeth HL, et al.
• Mortality Among Firefighters in Spain: 10 Years of Follow-up. 2020. Zhao G, et al.
• Mortality in a cohort of US firefighters from San Francisco, Chicago and Philadelphia: an update. 2020. Pinkerton L, et al.
• Moving FOCUS - The Fire Service Organizational Culture of Safety survey - From research to practice. 2020. Davis AL, et al.
• Obesity Prevalence in Brazilian Firefighters and the Association of Central Obesity With Personal, Occupational and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2020. Damacena FC, et al.
• Occupational Injury Claims Related to Patient Lifting and Moving in a Safety-Oriented Emergency Medical Services Agency. 2020. Fratta KA, et al.
• Pain intensity, alcohol use motives, and alcohol use among firefighters: The moderating role of pain-related anxiety. 2020. Rogers AH, et al.
• Physical training in the fire station and firefighters' cardiovascular health. 2020. Gendron P, et al.
• Point-of-Care Testing Practices, Failure Modes, and Risk-Mitigation Strategies in Emergency Medical Services Programs in the Canadian Province of Alberta. 2020. Füzéry AK, et al.
• Protecting the front line: a cross-sectional survey analysis of the occupational factors contributing to healthcare workers' infection and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. 2020. Firew T, et al.
• Qualitative Research of Violent Incidents Toward Young Paramedics in the Czech Republic. 2020. Knor J, et al.
• Recommendations for Prehospital Airway Management in Patients with Suspected COVID-19 Infection. 2020. Hart J, et al.
• Relationship between Shift Type and Voluntary Exercise Training in South Korean Firefighters. 2020. Park S, et al.
• Responding to natural disasters vs. disease outbreaks: Do emergency medical service providers have different views? 2020. Alwidyan MT, et al.
• Risk for heat-related illness among wildland firefighters: job tasks and core body temperature change. 2020. West MR, et al.
• Road ambulances: working conditions of paramedics - pilot studies. 2020. Bęczkowska S, et al.
• Safety Planning Intervention for Adolescents: Provider Attitudes and Response to Training in the Emergency Services Setting. 2020. Bettis AH, et al.
• Safety specific transformational leadership, safety motivation and personal protective equipment use among firefighters. 2020. Smith TD, et al.
• Should Public Safety Shift Workers be Allowed to Nap While on Duty? 2020. Patterson DP, et al.
• Sleep and Mental Health among Paramedics from Australia and Saudi Arabia: A Comparison Study. 2020. Khan WAA, et al.
• Sleep hygiene in paramedics: What do they know and what do they do? 2020. Shriane AE, et al.
• Sleep Quality and Mental Disorder Symptoms among Canadian Public Safety Personnel. 2020. Angehrn A, et al.
• Sleep, Obesity, and Injury Among Male Firefighters. 2020. Gao X, et al.
• Sleepiness and Injury Risk in Emergency Medical Service Workers in Taiwan. 2020. Lin MH, et al.
• Social support as a mediator of occupational stressors and mental health outcomes in first responders. 2020. Kshtriya S, et al.
• Standard Precautions Among Emergency Medical Services in Urban and Rural Areas. 2020. Alhazmi RA, et al.
• The Development of a Sleep Intervention for Firefighters: The FIT-IN (Firefighter's Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares) Study. 2020. Jang EH, et al.
• The Effect of Personal Protective Equipment on Firefighter Occupational Performance. 2020. Lesniak AY, et al.
• The effects of emergency medical service work on the psychological, physical, and social well-being of ambulance personnel: a systematic review of qualitative research. 2020. Lawn S, et al.
• The health and well-being of paramedics - a professional priority. 2020. Meadley B, et al.
• The Influence of Age on Firefighter Combat Challenge Performance and Exercise Training Habits. 2020. Saari AI, et al.
• The relationship between shift-work, sleep, and mental health among paramedics in Australia. 2020. Khan WAA, et al.
• The relationship between the pattern of shift work and sleep disturbances in Korean firefighters. 2020. Jang TW, et al.
• The roles of emergency managers and emergency social services directors to support disaster risk reduction in Canada. 2020. Oostlander SA, et al.
• Weight management program for first responders: Feasibility study and lessons learned. 2020. Jerome GJ, et al.
• What influences safety in paramedicine? Understanding the impact of stress and fatigue on safety outcomes. 2020. Donnelly EA, et al.
• Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and injuries among emergency medical technicians and paramedics: A comprehensive narrative review. 2020. Friedenberg R, et al.
• Worldwide prevalence of obesity among firefighters: a systematic review protocol. 2020. Soares EMKVK, et al.

2019

• A Profile of Injuries Sustained by Firefighters: A Critical Review. 2019. Orr R, et al.
• Ambulance Vehicles as a Source of Multidrug-Resistant Infections: A Multicenter Study in Assiut City, Egypt. El-Mokhtar M, et al.
• Assessing Safety Climate in Prehospital Settings: Testing Psychometric Properties of a Common Structural Model in a Cross-Sectional and Prospective Study. 2019. Sørskår LIK, et al.
• Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Physical Fitness in Volunteer Firefighters. 2019. Martin ZT, et al.
• Compliance With Hand Hygiene in Emergency Medical Services: An International Observational Study. 2019. Vikke HS, et al.
• Cross-sectional Survey on Occupational Needle Stick Injuries Amongst Prehospital Emergency Medical Service Personnel in Johannesburg. 2019. McDowall J, et al.
• Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction in First Responders Resulting From an Individualized Lifestyle and Blood Test Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2019. Gill R, et al.
• Differences in Cardiovascular Health Metrics in Emergency Medical Technicians Compared to Paramedics: A Cross-Sectional Study of Emergency Medical Services Professionals. 2019. Cash RE, et al.
• EMS Disease Exposure, Transmission, and Prevention: A Review Article. 2019. Bitely C, et al.
• Examining a Novel Firefighter Exercise Training Program on Simulated Fire Ground Test Performance, Cardiorespiratory Endurance, and Strength: A Pilot Investigation. 2019. Hollerbach BS, et al.
• Existing Science on Human Factors and Ergonomics in the Design of Ambulances and EMS Equipment. 2019. Du B, et al.
• Fatigue and Safety in Paramedicine. 2019. Donnelly EA, et al.
• "Felony Assault Should Stick:" Assaulted EMS Responders' Frustration and Dissatisfaction With the Legal System. 2019. Wright JY, et al.
• "Hand Hygiene Perception and Self-Reported Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Emergency Medical Service Providers: A Danish Survey". 2019. Vikke HS, et al.
• Is Use of Warning Lights and Sirens Associated With Increased Risk of Ambulance Crashes? A Contemporary Analysis Using National EMS Information System (NEMSIS) Data. 2019. Watanabe BL, et al.
• Low Back Pain in Emergency Ambulance Workers in Tertiary Hospitals in China and Its Risk Factors Among Ambulance Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2019. Zhang Q, et al.
• Organizational Response to Workplace Violence, and Its Association With Depressive Symptoms: A Nationwide Survey of 1966 Korean EMS Providers. 2019. Kim JH, et al.
• Prevalence of Workplace Violence Types Against Personnel of Emergency Medical Services in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2019. Sahebi A, et al.
• Rapid Metagenomics Analysis of EMS Vehicles for Monitoring Pathogen Load Using Nanopore DNA Sequencing. 2019. Sheahan T, et al.
• Real-Time Fatigue Mitigation With Air-Medical Personnel: The SleepTrackTXT2 Randomized Trial. 2019. Patterson PD, et al.
• Review of Emergency Medical Services Vulnerability to High Consequence Infectious Disease in the United States. 2019. Richey TW, et al.
• Seat Belt Use in the Ambulance Patient Compartment by Emergency Medical Services Professionals Is Low Regardless of Patient Presence, Seating Position, or Patient Acuity. 2019. Cash RE, et al.
• Sleep, Obesity, and Injury Among US Male Career Firefighters. 2019. Kaipust CM, et al.
• Sleepiness Among Personnel in the Norwegian Air Ambulance Service. 2019. Flaa TA, et al.
• The Use of Proactive Risk Management to Reduce Emergency Service Vehicle Crashes Among Firefighters. 2019. Bui DP, et al.
• Tobacco Use Among Women Firefighters. 2019. Jitnarin N, et al.
• Workplace Incivility Among Nationally Certified EMS Professionals and Associations With Workforce-Reducing Factors and Organizational Culture. 2019. Cash RE, et al.
• Workplace Violence Among Prehospital Care Providers in India: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2019. Lindquist B, et al.
• Workplace Violence in Asian Emergency Medical Services: A Pilot Study. 2019. Wang PY, et al.

2018

• A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study of Workplace Violence Against Prehospital Emergency Medical Technicians. 2018. Hosseinikia SH, et al.
• A Gap Analysis Survey of US Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Members to Determine Highly Infectious Disease Training and Education Needs. 2018. Le AB, et al.
• Acute Chemical Incidents With Injured First Responders, 2002-2012. 2018. Melnikova N, et al.
• Ambulance Disinfection Using Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI): Effects of Fixture Location and Surface Reflectivity. 2019. Lindsley WG, et al.
• An Analysis of the Exposure to Violence and Burnout Levels of Ambulance Staff. 2018. Cenk SC.
• Challenges for Environmental Hygiene Practices in Australian Paramedic-Led Health Care: A Brief Report. 2018. Barr N, et al.
• Characteristics and Predictors of Occupational Injury among Career Firefighters. 2018. Phelps S, et al.
• Cost-effectiveness of Workplace Wellness to Prevent Cardiovascular Events Among U.S. Firefighters. 2018. Patterson DP, et al.
• Determining Training and Education Needs Pertaining to Highly Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response: A Gap Analysis Survey of US Emergency Medical Services Practitioners. 2018. Le AB, et al.
• Does Crash Risk Increase When Emergency Vehicles Are Driving With Lights and Sirens? 2018. Missikpode C, et al.
• Driving Behaviors Associated With Emergency Service Vehicle Crashes in the U.S. Fire Service. 2018. Bui DP, et al.
• Effect of Fatigue Training on Safety, Fatigue, and Sleep in Emergency Medical Services Personnel and Other Shift Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2018. Barger LK, et al.
• Effects of Napping During Shift Work on Sleepiness and Performance in Emergency Medical Services Personnel and Similar Shift Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2018. Martin-Gill C, et al.
• Effect of Fatigue Training on Safety, Fatigue, and Sleep in Emergency Medical Services Personnel and Other Shift Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2018. Barger LK, et al.
• Effect of Task Load Interventions on Fatigue in Emergency Medical Services Personnel and Other Shift Workers: A Systematic Review. 2018. Studnek JR, et al.
• Efficacy of an Ambulance Ventilation System in Reducing EMS Worker Exposure to Airborne Particles From a Patient Cough Aerosol Simulator. 2019. Lindsley WG, et al.
• Efficacy of a Proactive Health and Safety Risk Management System in the Fire Service. 2018.  Poplin GS, et al.
• Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination on Prehospital Ambulances Before and After Disinfection. 2018. Farhadloo R, et al.
• Evidence-Based Guidelines for Fatigue Risk Management in Emergency Medical Services. 2018. Patterson PD, et al.
• International Survey of Violence Against EMS Personnel: Physical Violence Report. 2018.  Maguire BJ, et al.
• Interventions and Controls to Prevent Emergency Service Vehicle Incidents: A Mixed Methods Review. 2018. Bui DP, et al.
• Journal club: A pilot gap analysis survey of US emergency medical services practitioners to determine training and education needs pertaining to highly infectious disease preparedness and response. 2018. Reese SM.
• Maternal and Child Health Among Female Firefighters in the U.S. 2018. Jahnke SA, et al.
• MRSA Prevalence Among Patient Transport Staff in Hamburg. 2018. Schablon A, et al.
• Needlestick Injuries Among Emergency Medical Services Providers in Urban and Rural Areas. 2018. Alhazmi RA, et al.
• Nonfatal Injuries to Firefighters Treated in U.S. Emergency Departments, 2003-2014. 2018. Marsh SM, et al.
• Pathoanatomic Findings Associated With Duty-Related Cardiac Death in US Firefighters: A Case-Control Study. 2018. Smith DL, et al.
• Proposed Performance Measures and Strategies for Implementation of the Fatigue Risk Management Guidelines for Emergency Medical Services. 2018. Martin-Gill C, et al.
• Prehospital Infection Control and Prevention in Denmark: A Cross-Sectional Study on Guideline Adherence and Microbial Contamination of Surfaces. 2018. Vikke HS, et al.
• Preventing Emergency Vehicle Crashes: Status and Challenges of Human Factors Issues. 2018. Hsiao H, et al.
• Preventing EMS Workplace Violence: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Insights From Assaulted Medics. 2018. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Shorter Versus Longer Shift Durations to Mitigate Fatigue and Fatigue-Related Risks in Emergency Medical Services Personnel and Related Shift Workers: A Systematic Review. 2018. Patterson PD, et al.
• Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Caffeine in Fatigued Shift Workers: Implications for Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2018. Temple JL, et al.
• The Emergency Medical Service Microbiome. 2018. Hudson AJ, et al.
• The Influence of Habitual Protein Intake on Body Composition and Muscular Strength in Career Firefighters. 2018. Hirsch KR, et al.
• Violence Against Emergency Medical Services Personnel: A Systematic Review of the Literature. 2018. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Workers' compensation injury claims among workers in the private ambulance services industry—Ohio, 2001–2011. 2018. Reichard AA, et al.

2017

• Appraisal of Work Ability in Relation to Job-Specific Health Requirements in Ambulance Workers. 2017. Schaaijk AV, et al.
• Awareness of the Risk of Exposure to Infectious Material and the Behaviors of Polish Paramedics With Respect to the Hazards From Blood-Borne Pathogens-A Nationwide Study. 2017. Garus-Pakowska A, et al.
• Current Female Firefighters' Perceptions, Attitudes, and Experiences With Injury. 2017. Hollerback BS, et al.
• Emergency Medical Service Personnel's Risk From Violence While Serving the Community. 2017. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Everyday Dangers - The Impact Infectious Disease Has on the Health of Paramedics: A Scoping Review. 2017. Thomas B, et a.
• Fatigue Mitigation With SleepTrackTXT2 in Air Medical Emergency Care Systems: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. 2017. Patterson PD, et al.
• Implementing Powered Stretcher and Load Systems Was a Cost Effective Intervention to Reduce the Incidence Rates of Stretcher Related Injuries in a Paramedic Service. 2017. Armstrong DP, et al.
• Infection Control Implications of the Laundering of Ambulance Staff Uniforms and Reusable Mops. 2017. Mackay WG, et al.
• Metagenomic Characterization of Ambulances Across the USA. 2017. O’Hara NB, et al.
• Noise Exposure During Prehospital Emergency Physicians Work on Mobile Emergency Care Units and Helicopter Emergency Medical Services. 2017. Hansen MCT, et al.
• Occupational Injuries and Exposures Among Emergency Medical Services Workers. 2017. Reichard AA, et al.
• Paramedic Student Exposure to Workplace Violence During Clinical Placements - A Cross-Sectional Study. 2017. Boyle M, et al.
• Prevalence and Correlates of Late Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco in US Firefighters. 2017. Jitnarin N, et al.
• Randomized, Prospective Study of the Impact of a Sleep Health Program on Firefighter Injury and Disability. 2017. Sullivan JP, et al.
• Risk Factors for Work-Related Cardiovascular and Musculoskeletal Diseases among Prehospital Urgent Care Workers: A Systematic Review. 2017. Sedrez JA, et al.
• Risk Management of Emergency Service Vehicle Crashes in the United States Fire Service: Process, Outputs, and Recommendations. 2017. Bui DP, et al.
• Self-reported Behaviors and Perceptions of Australian Paramedics in Relation to Hand Hygiene and Gloving Practices in Paramedic-Led Health Care. 2017. Barr N, et al.
• Survival Mediterranean Style: Lifestyle Changes to Improve the Health of the US Fire Service. 2017. Korre M, et al.
• Teammate Familiarity, Teamwork, and Risk of Workplace Injury in Emergency Medical Services Teams. 2017. Hughes AM, et al.
• The Use of Emergency Lights and Sirens by Ambulances and Their Effect on Patient Outcomes and Public Safety: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. 2017. Murray B, et al.
• Work-Related Accidents and Sharp Injuries in Paramedics-Illustrated With an Example of a Multi-Specialist Hospital, Located in Central Poland. 2017. Garus-Pakowska A., et al.

2016

• A National Assessment of the Health and Safety of Emergency Medical Services Professionals. 2016. Bently MA, et al.
• A National Description of Violence Toward Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2016. Gormley MA, et al.
• A Systematic Literature Review: Workplace Violence Against Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2016. Pourshaikhian M, et al.
• Daily Hassles, Their Antecedents and Outcomes Among Professional First Responders: A Systematic Literature Review. 2016. Larsson G, et al.
• Differences in Paramedic Fatigue Before and After Changing From a 24-hour to an 8-hour Shift Schedule: A Case Report. 2016. Patterson PD, et al.
• Effect of Body Mass Index on Left Ventricular Mass in Career Male Firefighters. 2016. Korre M, et al.
• Effect of Exposure to Violence on the Development of Burnoutsyndrome in Ambulance Staff. 2016. Deniz T, et al.
• Emergency Medical Service Providers' Perspectives Towards Management of the Morbidly Obese. 2016. Cienki JJ.
• Evaluation of a Fitness Intervention for New Firefighters: Injury Reduction and Economic Benefits. 2016. Griffin SC, et al.
• Expecting the Unexpected: A Mixed Methods Study of Violence to EMS Responders in an Urban Fire Department. 2016. Taylor JA, et al.
• Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Healthcare and Social Service Workers. 2016. U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
• Implementing a Sleep Health Education and Sleep Disorders Screening Program in Fire Departments: A Comparison of Methodology. 2016. Barger LK, et al.
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Ohio EMS Providers: A Statewide Cross-sectional Study. 2016. Orellana RC, et al.
• Occupational Exposure to Infection Risk and Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Emergency Medical Personnel in the Republic of Korea. 2016. Oh HS, et al.
• Paramedic and Midwifery Student Exposure to Workplace Violence During Clinical Placements in Australia - A Pilot Study. 2016. Boyle M, et al.
• POSAiDA: Presence of Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA and Enterococcus/VRE in Danish Ambulances. A Cross-Sectional Study. 2016. Vikke HS, et al.
• Predictors of Workplace Violence Among Ambulance Personnel: A Longitudinal Study. 2016. Velden PGVD, et al.
• Process Development for the Care of the Person Under Investigation for Ebola Virus Disease: A Collaboration of Biocontainment Unit and Emergency Medicine Personnel. 2016. Schwedhelm SS, et al.
• Teammate Familiarity and Risk of Injury in Emergency Medical Services. 2016. Patterson PD, et al.
• Twenty-four-hour Work Shifts, Increased Job Demands, and Elevated Blood Pressure in Professional Firefighters. 2016. Choi B, et al.
• Using Shoulder Straps Decreases Heart Rate Variability and Salivary Cortisol Concentration in Swedish Ambulance Personnel. 2016. Karlsson KJ, et al.
• Vaccination Against Seasonal or Pandemic Influenza in Emergency Medical Services. 2016. Moser A, et al.
• Work-related Injuries Among Emergency Medical Technicians in Western Turkey. 2016. Yilmaz A, et al.
• Work-related Injuries Sustained by Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics in Turkey. 2016. Gülen B, et al.

2015

• A Qualitative Study of Health Problems, Risk Factors, and Prevention Among Emergency Medical Service Workers. 2015. Dropkin J, et al.
• An Observational Study of Shift Length, Crew Familiarity, and Occupational Injury and Illness in Emergency Medical Services Workers. 2015. Weaver MD, et al.
• Association Between Leisure Time Physical Activity, Cardiopulmonary Fitness, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Workload at Work in Firefighters. 2015. Yu CCW, et al.
• Common Sleep Disorders Increase Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes and Adverse Health Outcomes in Firefighters. 2015. Barger LK, et al.
• Considerations for Safe EMS Transport of Patients Infected With Ebola Virus. 2015. Lowe JJ, et al.
• Dietary Preferences and Nutritional Information Needs Among Career Firefighters in the United States. 2015. Yang J, et al.
• Ebola: A Review for Emergency Providers. 2015. Torres M, et al.
• Establishing a Proactive Safety and Health Risk Management System in the Fire Service. 2015. Poplin GS, et al.
• Fatigue in Air Medical Clinicians Undertaking High-acuity Patient Transports. 2015. Myers JA, et al.
• Hand Hygiene in Emergency Medical Services. 2015. Teter J, et al.
• Hand Washing Practices Among Emergency Medical Services Providers. 2015. Bucher J, et al.
• High-intensity Fitness Training Among a National Sample of Male Career Firefighters. 2015. Jahnke SA, et al.
• Injury Risks of EMS Responders: Evidence From the National Fire Fighter Near-Miss Reporting System. 2015. Taylor JA, et al.
• Knowledge and Beliefs of EMS Providers Toward Lights and Siren Transportation. 2015.  Tennyson J, et al.
• Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Infection Prevention Among Emergency Medical Services Providers. 2015. Liang SY, et al.
• Occupational Injury Rates in Personnel of Emergency Medical Services. 2015. Galazkowski R, et al.
• Occupational Injury Risk Among Ambulance Officers and Paramedics Compared With Other Healthcare Workers in Victoria, Australia: Analysis of Workers' Compensation Claims From 2003 to 2012. 2015. Roberts MH, et al.
• Pain, Health Perception and Sleep: Impact on the Quality of Life of Firefighters/Rescue Professionals. 2015. Marconato RS, et al.
• Prevalence of Nosocomial Pathogens in German Ambulances: The SEKURE Study. 2015. Welper M, et al.
• Prevalence of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Paramedics. 2015. Hegg-Deloye S, et al.
• Real-time Fatigue Reduction in Emergency Care Clinicians: The SleepTrackTXT Randomized Trial. 2015. Patterson PD, et al.
• Recovery Between Work Shifts Among Emergency Medical Services Clinicians. 2015. Patterson PD, et al.
• Self-reported Provider Safety in an Urban Emergency Medical System. 2015.  Furin M, et al.
• Spread of Infectious Microbes During Emergency Medical Response. 2015. Valdez MK, et al.
• The Association Between Weekly Work Hours, Crew Familiarity, and Occupational Injury and Illness in Emergency Medical Services Workers. 2015. Weaver MD, et al.
• The Influence of the Workplace-Related Biological Agents on the Immune Systems of Emergency Medical Personnel. 2015. Brewczyńska A, et al.
• Tobacco Use Pattern Among a National Firefighter Cohort.  2015. Jitnarin N, et al.
• Transport and Management of Patients With Confirmed or Suspected Ebola Virus Disease. 2015. Isakov A, et al.
• UniStatus - A Cross-Sectional Study on the Contamination of Uniforms in the Danish Ambulance Service. 2015. Vikke HS, et al.
• Weight Advice Associated With Male Firefighter Weight Perception and Behavior. 2015. Brown AL, et al.

2014

• Accuracy of Body Mass Index-defined Obesity Status in US Firefighters. 2014.  Jitnarin N, et al.
• Adiposity Predicts Self-Reported Frequency of Poor Health Days Among Male Firefighters. 2014. Brown AL, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Public Health Implications and Interim Guidance for the Ebola Virus in the United States. 2014. McCoy CE, et al.
• EMS Provider Compliance with Infection Control Recommendations Is Suboptimal. 2014. Bledsoe BE, et al.
• Hand Sanitization Rates in an Urban Emergency Medical Services System. 2014. Ho JD, et al.
• Nosocomial Infections in Ambulances and Effectiveness of Ambulance Fumigation Techniques in Saudi Arabia. Phase I Study. 2014. Alrazeeni D, et al.
• Occupational Injury Risk Among Australian Paramedics: An Analysis of National Data. 2014. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Paramedic Self-Reported Exposure to Violence in the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Workplace: A Mixed-Methods Cross-Sectional Survey. 2014. Bigham BL, et al.
• Physician Weight Recommendations for Overweight and Obese Firefighters, United States, 2011-2012. 2014. Wilkinson ML, et al.
• Risks to Emergency Medical Responders at Terrorist Incidents: A Narrative Review of the Medical Literature. 2014. Thompson J, et al.
• What paramedics think about when they think about fatigue: Contributing factors. 2014. Patterson JL, et al.

2013

• A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Predicting Adoption of a Patient-Handling Intervention Developed for EMS Providers. 2013. Weiler MR, et al.
• Ambulance Design Survey 2011: A Summary Report. 2013. Lee YT, et al.
• An Examination of the Benefits of Health Promotion Programs for the National Fire Service. 2013. Poston WSC, et al.
• Caring for the Country: Fatigue, Sleep and Mental Health in Australian Rural Paramedic Shiftworkers. 2013. Courtney JA, et al.
• Crew and Patient Safety in Ambulances: Results of a Personnel Survey and Experimental Side Impact Crash Test.. 2013. Fournier M, et al.
• Economic Benefit of the PHLAME Wellness Programme on Firefighter Injury. 2013. Kuehl KS, et al.
• Exploring Occupational and Health Behavioral Causes of Firefighter Obesity: A Qualitative Study. 2013. Dobson M, et al.
• Exposure to Carbon Monoxide for Patients and Providers in an Urban Emergency Medical Service. 2013. Roth D, et al.
• Extreme Sacrifice: Sudden Cardiac Death in the US Fire Service. 2013. Smith DL, et al.
• Obesity and Incident Injury Among Career Firefighters in the Central United States. 2013. Jahnke SA, et al.
• Injuries and Fatalities Among Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics in the United States. 2013. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Smokeless Tobacco and Dual Use Among Firefighters in the Central United States. 2013. Jitnarin N, et al.
• The Emergency Medical Services Safety Champions. 2013. Patterson PD, et al.
• The Effect of Shift Length on Fatigue and Cognitive Performance in Air Medical Providers. 2013. Guyette FX, et al.
• The Effectiveness of Health Interventions in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Emergency Service Personnel. 2013. Wolkow A, et al.
• Working Inside the Firehouse: Developing a Participant-Driven Intervention to Enhance Health-Promoting Behaviors. 2013. Frattaroli S, et al.

2012

• A Multifaceted Pilot Program to Promote Hand Hygiene at a Suburban Fire Department. 2012. McGuire-Wolfe C, et al.
• A National Qualitative Study of Tobacco Use Among Career Firefighters and Department Health Personnel. 2012. Poston WS, et al.
• Age-Related Decline in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Career Firefighters: Modification by Physical Activity and Adiposity. 2012. Baur DM, et al.
• Association Between Poor Sleep, Fatigue, and Safety Outcomes in Emergency Medical Services Providers. 2012. Patterson PD, et al.
• Beyond the Fireground: Injuries in the Fire Service. 2012. Poplin GS.
• Detection and Analysis of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates Found in Ambulances in the Chicago Metropolitan Area. 2012. Rago JV, et al.
• EMS Providers' Perceptions of Safety Climate and Adherence to Safe Work Practices. 2012. Eliseo LJ, et al.
• Evaluation of Occupational Injuries in an Urban Emergency Medical Services System Before and After Implementation of Electrically Powered Stretchers. 2012. Studnek JR, et al.
• Exposure of Iranian Emergency Medical Technicians to Workplace Violence: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. 2012. Rahmani A, et al.
• Health Concerns of the U.S. Fire Service: Perspectives From the Firehouse. 2012. Jahnke SA, et al.
• Identification of Factors That Affect the Adoption of an Ergonomic Intervention Among Emergency Medical Service Workers. 2012. Weiler MR, et al.
• Metabolic Syndrome Is Inversely Related to Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Male Career Firefighter. 2012. Baur DM, et al.
• Paramedics and the Effects of Shift Work on Sleep: A Literature Review. 2012. Sofianopoulos S, et al.
• Prevalence of Positive Carriage of Tuberculosis, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Patients Transported by Ambulance: A Single Center Observational Study. 2012. Ro YS, et al.
• Safety and the Violent Person: Guidelines for Emergency Services. 2012. Flannery Jr RB.
• The Health of Women in the US Fire Service. 2012. Jahnke SA, et al.
• The Association Between EMS Workplace Safety Culture and Safety Outcomes. 2012. Weaver MD, et al.
• The Impact of Surveillance on Weight Change and Predictors of Change in a Population-Based Firefighter Cohort. 2012. Poston WS, et al.
• The Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Obesity in Firefighters. 2012. Smith DL, et al.
• The Prevalence of Sleep Problems in Emergency Medical Technicians. 2012. Pirrallo RG, et al.
• The Shift Length, Fatigue, and Safety Conundrum in EMS. 2012. Patterson PD, et al.
• Weight- Perception in Male Career Firefighters and Its Association With Cardiovascular Risk Factors. 2012. Baur DM, et al.

2011

• A Descriptive Analysis of Occupational Health Exposures in an Urban Emergency Medical Services System: 2007–2009.  2011. Sayed ME, et al.
• A Low-Glycemic Nutritional Fitness Program to Reverse Metabolic Syndrome in Professional Firefighters: Results of a Pilot Study. 2011. Carey MG, et al.
• A Systematic Review of Job-Specific Workers' Health Surveillance Activities for Fire-Fighting, Ambulance, Police and Military Personnel. 2011. Plat MJ, et al.
• Cardiovascular Disease in US Firefighters: A Systematic Review. 2011. Soteriades ES, et al.
• EMS Provider and Patient Safety During Response and Transport: Proceedings of an Ambulance Safety Conference. 2011. Brice JH, et al.
• Fatal and Nonfatal Injuries Among Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics. 2011. Reichard AA, et al.
• Firefighter Fitness: Improving Performance and Preventing Injuries and Fatalities. 2011. Smith DL.
• Firefighters, Heart Disease, and Aspects of Insulin Resistance: The FEMA Firefighter Heart Disease Prevention Study. 2011. Superko HR, et al.
• Firefighters' Physical Activity: Relation to Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. 2011. Durand G, et al.
• Line-of-duty Deaths Among U.S. Firefighters: An Analysis of Fatality Investigations. 2011. Kunadharaju K, et al.
• Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Contamination of Ambulance Cars After Short Term Transport of MRSA-colonised Patients Is Restricted to the Stretcher. 2011. Eibicht SJ, et al.
• Obesity and Injury-Related Absenteeism in a Population-Based Firefighter Cohort. 2011. Poston WSC, et al.
• Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2011. Hubble MW, et al.
• Risk Stratification-Based Surveillance of Bacterial Contamination in Metropolitan Ambulances. 2011. Noh H, et al.
• Tobacco Use Among Firefighters in the Central United States. 2011. Haddock CK, et al.
• Transportation-related Injuries and Fatalities Among Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics. 2011. Maguire BJ, et al.

2010

• Ambulance Crash Characteristics in the US Defined by the Popular Press: A Retrospective Analysis. 2010. Sanddal TL, et al.
• An Assessment of Key Health Indicators Among Emergency Medical Services Professionals. 2010. Studnek JR, et al.
• Anticipated Behaviors of Emergency Prehospital Medical Care Providers During an Influenza Pandemic. 2010. Tippett VC, et al.
• Attitudes to Living and Working in Pandemic Conditions Among Emergency Prehospital Medical Care Personnel. 2010. Watt K, et al.
• Back Problems Among Emergency Medical Services Professionals: The LEADS Health and Wellness Follow-Up Study. 2010. Studnek JR, et al.
• Hearing Problems Among a Cohort of Nationally Certified EMS Professionals. 2010. Fernandez AR, et al.
• Management Practices and Risk of Occupational Blood Exposure in U.S. Paramedics: Needlesticks. 2010. Leiss JK.
• Occupational Exposures in Emergency Medical Service Providers and Knowledge of and Compliance With Universal Precautions. 2010. Harris SA, et al.
• Occupational Injuries Among Emergency Responders. 2010. Reichard AA, et al.
• Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Ambulances in Southern Maine. 2010. Brown R, et al.
• Sleep Quality and Fatigue Among Prehospital Providers. 2010. Patterson PD, et al.
• Variation in Emergency Medical Services Workplace Safety Culture. 2010. Patterson PD, et al.

2009

• The National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics: Rates of Exposure to Blood. 2009. Boal WL, et al.
• Blood or Body Fluid Exposures and HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis Utilization among First Responders. 2009. Merchant RC, et al.
• Blood Pressure in Firefighters, Police Officers, and Other Emergency Responders. 2009. Kales SN, et al.
• Circumstances Surrounding Occupational Blood Exposure Events in the National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics. 2009. Leiss JK, et al.
• Comparison of Public Safety Provider Injury Rates. 2009. Suyama J, et al.
• Designing Emergency Ambulances for the 21st Century. 2009. Hignett S, et al.
• Effects of a Modified Ambulance Night Shift System on Fatigue and Physiological Function Among Ambulance Paramedics. 2009. Takeyama H, et al.
• Evaluation of a Pandemic Preparedness Training Intervention of Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2009. Gershon RRM, et al.
• Factors Associated With Workplace Violence in Paramedics. 2009. Koritsas S, et al.
• Management Practices and Risk of Occupational Blood Exposure in U.S. Paramedics: Non-Intact Skin Exposure. 2009. Leiss JK.
• Occupational Fatalities in Emergency Medical Services: A Hidden Crisis. 2002. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Occupational Injuries Among Emergency Medical Service Providers in the United States. 2009. Heick R, et al.
• Personal Protective Equipment Provision in Prehospital Care: A National Survey. 2009. Krzanicki DA, et al.
• Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus on the Stethoscopes of Emergency Medical Services Providers. 2009. Merlin MA, et al.
• The Hazards of Providing Care in Emergency Vehicles: An Opportunity for Reform. 2009. Slattery DE, et al.
• The Obesity Epidemic and Future Emergency Responders. 2009. Tsismenakis AJ, et al.

2008

• Bacterial Pathogens in Ambulances: Results of Unannounced Sample Collection. 2008. Alves DW, et al.
• Contributing Factors and Issues Associated With Rural Ambulance Crashes: Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography. 2008. Sanddal ND, et al.
• EMS Workforce for the 21st Century: A National Assessment. 2008. NHTSA.
• Provision and Use of Personal Protective Equipment and Safety Devices in the National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics. 2008. Mathews R, et al.
• The National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics: Exposure Reporting. 2008. Boal WL, et al.

2007

• A Pilot Study of Workplace Violence Towards Paramedics. 2007. Boyle M, et al.
• Can Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Be Found in an Ambulance Fleet? 2007. Roline CE, et al.
• Comparison of Rural and Urban Ambulance Crashes in Pennsylvania. 2007. Ray AM, et al.
• Factors Associated With Back Problems Among Emergency Medical Technicians. 2007. Studnek JR, et al.
• On the Job Illness and Injury Resulting in Lost Work Time Among a National Cohort of Emergency Medical Services Professionals. 2007. Studnek JR, et al.
• Organizational Policy and Other Factors Associated With Emergency Medical Technician Seat Belt Use. 2007. Studnek JR, et al.
• Precipitants to Psychiatric Patient Assaults: Review of Findings, 2004-2006, With Implications for EMS and Other Health Care Providers. 2007. Flannery Jr RD.
• Provision and Use of Personal Protective Equipment and Safety Devices in the National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics. 2008. Mathews R, et al.
• Sleep Debt and Outside Employment Patterns in Helicopter Air Medical Staff Working 24-hour Shifts. 2007. Frakes MA, et al.
• Workplace Violence Prevention Programs in Hospital Emergency Departments. 2007. Peek-Asa C, et al.

2006

• Blood Exposure Among Paramedics: Incidence Rates From the National Study to Prevent Blood Exposure in Paramedics. 2006. Leiss JK, et al.
• Child and Provider Restraints in Ambulances: Knowledge, Opinions, and Behaviors of Emergency Medical Services Providers. 2006. Johnson TD, et al.
• Fatalities Among Volunteer and Career firefighters--United States, 1994-2004. 2006. CDC.
• Relationship of Restraint Use, Patient Injury, and Assaults on EMS Personnel. 2006. Cheney PR, et al.
• Sleep and Cognitive Performance of Flight Nurses After 12-hour Evening Versus 18-hour Shifts. 2006. Thomas F, et al.
• Violence Against Emergency Department Workers. 2006. Gates DM, et al.
• The Methamphetamine Crisis. What EMS Providers Need to Know to Stay Safe and Treat Patients. 2006. Friese G.

2005

• An Optimal Solution for Enhancing Ambulance Safety: Implementing a Driver Performance Feedback and Monitoring Device in Ground Emergency Medical Service Vehicles. 2005. Levick NR, et al.
• Back Strength and Flexibility of EMS Providers in Practicing Prehospital Providers. 2005. Cril MT, et al.
• Occupational Injuries Among Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2005. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Off-duty Preparation for Overnight Work in Rotor Wing Air Medical Programs. 2005. Frakes MA, et al.
• Reviewing Ambulance Design for Clinical Efficiency and Paramedic Safety. 2005. Ferreira J, et al.

2004

• Emergency Medical Vehicle Collisions and Potential for Preventive Intervention. 2004. Custalow CB, et a.
• Professional Shift-Work Drivers Who Adopt Prophylactic Naps Can Reduce the Risk of Car Accidents During Night Work. 2004. Garbarino S, et al.
• Shift Length and On-Duty Rest Patterns in Rotor-Wing Air Medical Programs. 2004. Frakes MA, et al.

2003

• Ambulance Crash-Related Injuries Among Emergency Medical Services workers--United States, 1991-2002. 2003. CDC.
• Blood Exposures and Hepatitis C Virus Infections Among Emergency Responders. 2003. Datta SD, et al.
• Firefighters and On-Duty Deaths From Coronary Heart Disease: A Case Control Study. 2003. Kales SN, et al.
• Management of the Violent Patient. 2003. Brice JH, et al.

2002

• Experiences of Threats and Violence in the Swedish Ambulance Service. 2002. Suserud Bo, et al.
• Occupational Fatalities in Emergency Medical Services: A Hidden Crisis. 2002. Maguire BJ, et al.
• Injuries From Assaults on Paramedics and Firefighters in an Urban Emergency Medical Services System. 2002. Mechem CC, et al.
• Violence Against Emergency Medical Services Personnel. 2002. Grange JT, et al.

2001

• Characteristics of Fatal Ambulance Crashes in the United States: An 11-year Retrospective Analysis. 2001. Kahn CA, et al.
• Emergency Medical Services Equipment Hygiene Practices. 2001. Goodman CS, et al.

2000

• Self-reported Cardiac Risk Factors in Emergency Department Nurses and Paramedics. 2000. Barrett TW, et al.